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How to Check the Compressor on Your Refrigerator

How to Check the Compressor on Your Refrigerator

Your refrigerator’s compressor is the heart of the appliance, responsible for keeping your food fresh by circulating refrigerant and maintaining the right temperature. If the compressor isn’t working properly, you may notice that your fridge isn’t cooling efficiently or making unusual noises. Before calling a professional, you can perform a few basic checks to diagnose potential issues. At RightFix, we specialize in refrigerator repair and maintenance, and we’re here to guide you through the process of checking your compressor safely and effectively.

Signs of a Faulty Refrigerator Compressor

Before diving into diagnostics, it’s important to recognize the signs of a malfunctioning compressor:

  • Fridge Not Cooling: If the refrigerator is running but not cooling properly, the compressor may not be functioning as it should.
  • Unusual Noises: A failing compressor may make clicking, buzzing, or knocking sounds.
  • Overheating: If the back of your refrigerator feels excessively hot, the compressor might be working too hard or overheating.
  • Frequent Cycling: If the fridge is turning on and off more often than usual, the compressor could be struggling.

If you notice any of these symptoms, it’s time to check the compressor.

Step-by-Step Guide to Checking the Compressor

1. Ensure the Refrigerator is Plugged In and Receiving Power

Ensure the Refrigerator is Plugged In and Receiving Power

Before assuming the compressor is the issue, verify that the refrigerator is plugged in and the power supply is working. A tripped circuit breaker or a faulty outlet could be the cause of the problem. Try plugging another appliance into the same outlet to confirm that power is being delivered.

2. Listen for Compressor Sounds

Listen for Compressor Sounds

Normally, a working compressor will produce a low humming sound as it runs. If you hear a clicking sound every few minutes but the compressor doesn’t stay on, it could indicate a faulty start relay or an issue with the compressor itself.

3. Check the Start Relay

Check the Start Relay

The start relay is a small component attached to the compressor that helps it start running. A defective relay can prevent the compressor from turning on. Here’s how to check it:

  • Unplug the refrigerator to ensure safety.
  • Locate the start relay, usually found at the back of the fridge near the compressor.
  • Remove the relay by gently pulling it off.
  • Shake the relay—if you hear a rattling sound, it’s likely faulty and should be replaced.

A burned or damaged relay can prevent the compressor from functioning, so replacing this part may solve the issue.

4. Test the Compressor for Continuity

Test the Compressor for Continuity

To determine if the compressor itself is faulty, you’ll need a multimeter. Follow these steps:

  • Unplug the refrigerator and remove the compressor’s start relay and overload protector.
  • Set your multimeter to the ohms (Ω) setting.
  • Touch the multimeter probes to the three terminals on the compressor. You should get a reading between each pair of terminals.
  • If you get a reading of infinity (∞) or zero, the compressor is likely defective and may need professional replacement.

5. Check for Overheating

Check for Overheating

A properly functioning compressor should be warm but not excessively hot. If it’s too hot to touch, this may indicate an internal problem or a lack of proper ventilation around the fridge. Ensure that the appliance has enough space around it for airflow.

6. Inspect for Refrigerant Leaks

Inspect for Refrigerant Leaks

Refrigerant is essential for cooling, and a leak can cause the compressor to overwork or fail. Signs of a refrigerant leak include:

  • Hissing or bubbling noises coming from the fridge
  • Oily residue near the compressor or refrigerant lines
  • Frost buildup inside the fridge

If you suspect a refrigerant leak, you’ll need professional repair services, as handling refrigerant requires specialized equipment and certification.

When to Call a Professional

While basic troubleshooting can help identify minor issues, compressor-related problems often require professional attention. If you’ve checked the power supply, start relay, and compressor continuity but the fridge still isn’t cooling, it’s best to call an expert. At RightFix, our team of skilled technicians can diagnose and repair your refrigerator quickly and efficiently, ensuring it runs like new again.

Preventative Maintenance Tips

To extend the lifespan of your compressor and prevent future issues, follow these maintenance tips:

  • Keep the coils clean: Dust and debris on the condenser coils can cause the compressor to overwork. Clean them at least twice a year.
  • Ensure proper ventilation: Make sure your fridge isn’t pushed too close to the wall, as this can restrict airflow.
  • Avoid overloading: Too much food inside the fridge can make the compressor work harder than necessary.
  • Monitor temperature settings: Keeping your fridge at the recommended temperature (around 37–40°F) can help maintain efficiency.

Conclusion

Checking your refrigerator’s compressor doesn’t have to be complicated. By following these simple steps, you can diagnose potential issues and determine whether a minor fix, like replacing the start relay, is all that’s needed. However, if your compressor shows signs of severe damage or failure, it’s best to consult a professional. At RightFix, we specialize in refrigerator repairs and can help you get your appliance back to optimal performance. If you’re experiencing cooling problems, don’t hesitate to reach out to us for expert assistance.

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